Short circuiter for repulsion induction motors



Jan. 9, 1934. A. eohcnms 1,942,996

SHORT CIRCUITER FOR REPULSION INDUCTION MOTORS Filed May 14, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet l 7 11v VEN'IOR ALW/A/ BORCHERS ATTORNEYS Jan. 9, 1934. A. BORCHERS 1,942,996

SHORT CIRCUITER FOR REPULSION INDUCTION MOTORS Filed May 14, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ar/ ear 20 AFPEOX. 30

' //v VENTOR ALW/N EORCHERS.

A TTORNEY5 Jan. 9, A. BORCHERS SHORT CIRCUITER FOR REPULSION INDUCTION MOTORS Filed May 14, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 liq/0.

l/V VEN TOR ALW/A/ BORCHERS.

A TTORNEY! Patented Jan. 9, 1934 I UNITED STATES PATENT @FFNE SHORT ()IRCUITER FOR REPULSION INDUCTION MOTORS Alwin Borehers, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to The Brown-Brockmeyer Company, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application May 14, 1930. Serial No. 452,164

34 Claims. (01. 1'72-279) My invention relates to short circuiters for reengaging other commutator segments, which has pulsion induction motors. been a disadvantage of weights themselves mak It is my object to provide a short circuiter for ing contact with the commutator bars because a repulsion induction motor in which the short the maladjustment or overmovement of one incircuiting means will have both an abutting and terferes with the remainder during the contacta wiping contact, will be controlled by a single making operation. spring and will snap into and out of engagement Referring to the drawings: in order to provide snap contact. Figure 1 is a perspective of the motor with the It is a special object of my invention to elimishort circuiter in position; 19 nate garter springs, to eliminate contact weights Figure 2 is a top plan view of the complete 65 and to eliminate rocking and tilting contactcircuiter; making segments. Figure 3 is a section through the shaft showing It is my object to provide a short circuiter the circuiter in elevation partially broken away; which will move bodily and rotatably about the Figure 4 is an inside view of the segment guide; shaft on which it is mounted to give a wiping Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig- 70 contact. ure 4;

It is a further object to provide several centrif- Figure 6 is a vertical section taken transversely ugal weights so arranged as to move a contact of the weight; member disk uniformly to and from the com- Figure '7 is a vertical section taken longitudimutator segments and which will maintain such nally of the weight; 75

disk always in a plane at right angles to the arma- Figure 8 is a top plan view of the weight;

ture shaft without tilting or binding so that all Figure 9 is a bottom plan view of the weight; of the commutator segments will be simultane Figure 10 is a section through the one-half of ously shortcircuited. the circuit maker and breaker and a portion of It is a further object to provide for perfect freethe armature with the armature shaft in full 80.

dom of movement rol'atably of the entire short lines showing the parts in at-rest position; circuiter on the shaft for the purpose of bring- Figure 11 is a similar view with the parts in ing the contact fingers into engagement with restraining position just before snapping into different commutator segments at each contactcontact position;

making operation. Figure 12 is a similar view showing the contact It is a further object to provide a novel form position.

of snap mechanism which will control the weights Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 is an arbut which will not be directly a part of the short mature shaft having an armature generally desigcircuiter members: It is my object to provide a nated 2 with insulations 3 supporting the com- 5 few very heavy weights instead of a plurality of mutator bars 4. These bars have contact-maklighter contact-making segments. ing faces 5. v

It is my object to provide a ball bearing en- Mounted upon the shaft 1 is a split ring 6 gagement between the weights and the guides mounted in the grooves 7 of the shaft 1 serving for the weights and the snap action restraining as an abutment for the ring 8 which is loosely '0 means for the weights so as to provide a uniform mounted upon the shaft 1. This loose mounting rate of movement and resistance to each of the is shown somewhat exaggerated for the purpose weights to thereby get a delicate but very accuof illustration, but it is normally sufficient to rate control that can be positively operated. permit free turning of the ring 8 and its associ- It is my object to have a single, strong and ated parts upon the shaft 1. This ring has easily manufactured spring eliminating the delmounted upon it permanently the weight guide icate and uncertain actions of garter springs generally designated 9. This guide is provided heretofore used, which are directly swung upon with three pairs of slots 10 between which deweights and make contact with the commupends a guiding surface 11 having a shoulder 12 tator bars. thereon. The slots 10 communicate with the It is my object to employ as contact making central opening 13 in the guide which has a conmeans conducting members in themselves inical disk. They do not extend through the peherently resilient and therefore self accommoriphery of the disk. dating to irregularities in the commutator faces Each guiding tongue 11 acts as a support for and being independently thus adjustable will not the reciprocating weights, of which there are to disturb the companion contact making means three. These weights are designated 14 and are 0 provied with an upstanding portion 14a and a horizontal portion 1417 so that they are L-shaped in section. A diagonal slot 15 extends from the lower corner 16 oi": the weight into and through the angle at 17 made by the upright n 14a and the horizontal arm 1%. Substanti lly diagonally disposed and in a plane at substantially right angles to the slot 15 is an aperture 18 known as a ball carrier in which are mounted two balls 19 and 2G. The outer ball serves to engage the rib 12 on the tongue 11 to resist the inward and outward movement of the weight and to give snap action to the short circuiter. These weights are entirely free and independent of one another. They are not connected to any springs and they are free to move under the influence of entri'fugal force as they are guided in a diagonal and radial path by the tongue 11.

The upright member 14a of the weight has an upper-vertical face 21. The horizontal arm of the weight is provided with an upright vertical face 22. The face 21 engages the periphery of a rigid ring 23 which is provided with a right angle offset portion 24 and a depending inner portion 25 that is engaged by the face 22 of the weight. Thus the weight bears against the ring 23 n ar its top and near its bottom and as the weights are di tributed equidistant about the shaft 1, the ring 23 is moved inwardly and outwardly always in a plane at right angles to the major axis of the armature shaft 1. The movement of this ring under the influence of the weights is controlled and resisted by the axial spring 26, one end of which engages the lower edge of the plate 23 and the other end of which engages the armature 2.

Mounted upon the angular portion 24 of the ring 23 is a ring of insulating material, such as bakelite, designated 27, that is U-shaped in cross section. V'Jithin this U-shaped ring is carried a thin collar of strong copper designated 28 which is slotted at 29 into a plurality of independent resilient fingers 30 which make contact with the commutator bars 4 upon the faces 5. It will be observed that any irregularities in these faces will be accommodated by the fingers 30 independently one of the other.

It will be further understood that the three very heavy independent weights have no contact making function. It will be further observed that there is no restraining spring, such as a garter spring, employed but only an axial spring.

It will be understood that I desire to comprehend within my invention such modifications as may be necessary to adapt it to varying conditions and uses.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as J and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:-

1. In a short circuiter, a commutator, short circuiting means, yielding means normally maintaining the short oircuiting means in an inoperative position. weights adapted to move the short circuiting means into short circuiting position, and diagonally disposed stationary guide means therefor adapted to slidably guide the weights, said guide means consisting of a slotted disc.

2. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator, yi lding means slidable longitudinally of the shaft for short circui ng said commutator, a spring resisting the bodily movement of said yielding means to and from the commutator, weights having diagonally disposed slots adapted to overcc c said spring and move said short circuiting means into short circuiting engagement with the commutator, and diagonally-disposed guiding means in said slots for guiding said weights.

3. In a short circuiter, a shaft, commutator bars having ends expose", short circuiting means adapted to engage said ends, and independent slidable weights for moving said short circuiter means, each weight having a slot therein, means in each slot to guide said weigi ts, and means to yieldingly resist the bodily movement of the weights and the short circuitiug means together.

4. In a short circuiter, a shaft, commutator bars, a short circuiting ring having a plurality of relatvely yieldable fingers, a supporting ring there or insulated therefrom, yielding means for maintaining said ring in inoperative position, weights adapted to engage said ring, and means for guiding said weights.

5. In a short circuiter, a shaft, commutator bars, a short circuiting ring having a plurality of relatively yieldable fingers, a supporting ring therefor insulated therefrom, yielding means for maintaining said ring in inoperative position, weights adapted to engage said ring, and means for guiding said weights diagonally.

6. In a short cirouiter, a shaft, commutator oars, short circuiting ring having a plurality of relatively yieldable fingers, a supporting ring therefor insulated therefrom, yielding means for maintaining said ring in inoperative position, weights adapted to engage said ring, and means for guiding said weights diagonally with the faces of said weights in slidable engagement with said ring.

7. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having commutator bars, a diagonally-disposed guiding means, weights independently mounted thereon adapted to move transversely thereof and longitudinally thereof, a shoulder on said guide, means on said weights engaging said shoulder and adapted to ride thereover, a contact making means operated by said weights, a supporting ring for said contact making means, and a yielding means engaging said commutator and said ring.

8. In a short circuiter, a shaft, 3. commutator having bars, a plurality of diagonally-disposed guides, weights threaded thereon for slidable and transverse movement on said guides, a ring engaged by said weights, a spring resisting the movement of the ring, and a ring of contact making fingers insulated from but mounted upon said ring first mentioned.

9. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a plurality of diagonally-disposed guides, weights threaded thereon for slidable and transverse movement on said guides, a ring engaged by said weights, 3. spring resisting the movement of the ring, and a ring of contact making fingers insulated from but mounted upon said ring first mentioned, and means for loosely mounting said guides and said first mentioned ring on the shaft.

10. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a conical disk mounted on said shaft having a plurality of spaced tongues communicating with a central aperture, weights threaded on each of said tongues, a shoulder on each tongue, and a ball bearing on each weight adapted to engage with and ride over said should r, and a contact-making means controlled by said weights.

11. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a conical disk mounted on said shaft having a plurality of spaced tongues communicating with a central aperture, weights threaded on each of said tongues, a shoulder on each tongue,

his

its

and a ball bearing on each weight adapted to engage with and ride over said shoulder, a contact-making means controlled by said weights, a ring engaged by said weights carrying said contact making means, and a spring resisting the movement longitudinally of the shaft, ring, weights and contact-making means.

12. In a short circuiter, a conical guide having a plurality of fingers extending inwardly, a shaft mounted centrally of said guide, L-shaped weights loosely mounted on said fingers, ridges on said fingers, balls carried by said weights, 2. ring engaged by said weights, a spring engaged by said ring, and contact-making means carried by said ring.

13. In a short circuiter, a conical guide having a plurality of fingers extending inwardly, a shaft mounted centrally of said guide, L-shaped weights loosely mounted on said fingers, ridges on said fingers, balls carried by said weights, a ring engaged by said weights, a spring engaged by said ring, and contact-making means carried by said ring, said weights having spaced faces for engaging said ring at different distances from its center whereby it is maintained in a plane at right angles to the axis of the shaft.

14. A new article of manufacture for use as short circuiter weights comprising a right angle body having a diagonal slot therein extending from the outside corner to the inside angle thereof and having a ball receiving socket communieating with said slot, and a pair ofballs mounted therein, one of which partially projects from the socket into the slot.

15. A new article of manufacture for use as short circuiter weights comprising a right angle body having a diagonal slot therein extending from the outside corner to the inside angle thereof and having a ball receiving socket communieating with said slot, a pair of balls mounted therein, one of which partially projects from the socket into the slot, and a cam guiding face forming the upper wall of said slot extending out of the slot along one wall of the weight.

16. A new article of manufacture for use as short circuiter weights comprising a right angle body having a diagonal slot therein extending from the outside corner to the inside angle thereof and having a ball receiving socket communieating with said slot, a pair of balls mounted therein, one of which partially projects from the socket into the slot, a cam guiding face forming the upper wall of said slot extending out of the slot along one wall of the weight, and ring engaging faces arranged vertically but displaced from one another on each arm of said L-shaped weight.

1'7. In a short circuiter, the combination of a conical plate having a central eye and a plurality of spaced fingers communicating therewith. ribs on said fingers, L-shaped weights threaded on said fingers and balls carried in said weights rolling one on the other, one of said balls engaging with the shoulder on the fingers.

18. In a short circuiter, the combination of a conical ring having a central aperture and a plurality of separated fingers having their free ends forming the margin of said aperture, L- shaped weights having diagonal slots through their corners for loose mounting upon said fingers, a pair of balls mounted in sockets in said weights communicating with said slots, the outer of said balls extending into the slot and engaging the shoulder on its finger thereby resisting the movement of the weight and displacing it laterally as it is guided diagonally on the fingers.

19. In a short circuiter, the combination of a conical ring having a central aperture and a plurality of separated fingers having their free ends forming the margin of said aperture, L- shaped weights having diagonal slots through their corners for loose mounting upon said fingers, a pair of balls mounted in sockets in said weights communicating with said slots, the outer of said balls extending into the slot and engaging the shoulder on its finger thereby resisting the movement of the weight and displacing it laterally as it is guided diagonaliy on the fingers, said weights having arms with vertically-disposed oifset faces.

20. In a short circuiter, the combination of a conical ring having a central aperture and a plurality of separated fingers having their free ends forming the margin of said aperture, L- shaped weights having diagonal slots through their corners for loose mounting upon said fingers, a pair of balls mounted in sockets in said weights communicating with said slots, the cuter of said balls extending into the slot and engaging the shoulder on its finger thereby resisting the movement of the weight and displacing it laterally as it is guided diagonally on the fingers, said weights having arms with verticallydisposed offset faces, a ring having an angular offset engaging said faces, a spring resisting the movement of said ring, a collar having a plurality of yielding fingers insulated from but mounted 'upon said ring, a commutator with bars engaging said spring, and a shaft for supporting the foregoing mechanism, and means on said shaft for positioning said guide thereon.

21. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a ring, insulated yielding fingers carried thereby, a spring resisting the movement of the ring, L-shaped weights engaging the ring, diagonal guides for the weights, and means to impart a snap action to the weights in either direction as they are diagonally guided inwardly and outwardly.

22. In a short circuiter, a commutator, short circuiting means, yielding means normally main taining the short circuiting means in an inoperative position, a cone shaped stationary guide means, weights slidable on said guide means adapted to move the short circuiting means into short circuiting position, and means on the stationary guide means to temporarily resist the movement of the weights in order to provide a snap action for sudden engagement and disengagement of the short circuiting means, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

23. In a short circuiter, a commutator, short circuiting means, yielding means normally maintaining the short circuiting means in an inoperative position, a cone shaped stationary guide means, weights slidable on said guide means, adapted to move the short circuiting means into short circuiting position, and means on the stationary guide means to temporarily resist the movement of the weights in order to provide a snap action for sudden engagement and disen gagement of the short circuiting means, said last named means comprising a barrier and rotatable means engaging said barrier and adapted to ride thereover depending upon the centrifugal force applied, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

24. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator, a diagonal stationary guide, weights movable on said guide, a separate short circuiting means moved by said weights, yielding means for resisting the movement of the short circuiting means, and cooperating snap means on the guide and the weights, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

25. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator, a cone shaped stationary diagonal guide, weights slidable on said guide, a separate short circuiting means moved on said weights, yielding means for resisting the movement of the short circuiting means, and means on the guide to resist temporarily the movement of the weights to and from the shaft in order to provide a snap action of the short circuiting means, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

26. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator, a cone shaped guide means, weights on said guide, a separate short circuiting means moved by said weights, yielding means for resisting the move ment of the short circuiting means, and means on the guide means to resist temporarily the movement of the weights to and from the shaft in order to provide a snap action of the short circuiting means, said guide means being arranged for the weights for diagonal and radial movement to and from the commutator, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

27. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator. a guide having shoulders thereon, weights on said guide, a separate short circuiting means moved by said weights, yielding means for resisting the movement of the short circuiting means, ball means on the weights to engage the guide to re sist temporarily the movement of the weights to and from the shaft by engaging the shoulders in order to provide a snap action of the short circuiting means, said guiding means being arranged for the weights for diagonal and radial movement to and from the commutator, and means for permitting transverse movement of said guide at intervals, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

28. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator, yielding means sliding longitudinally of the shaft for short circuiting said commutator, a spring resisting the bodily movement of said yielding means to and from the commutator, a guide having shoulders thereon, weights on said guide adapted to overcome said spring and move said short circuiting means into short circuiting engagement with the commutator, and ball snap means on said weights to engage the shoulders, said weights contacting said short circuiting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

29. In a short circuiter. a shaft, commutator bars having ends exposed, short circuiting means adapted to engage said ends, a stationary guide having shoulders, independent slidable weights for moving said short circuiter means, means to guide said weights, and means to yieldingly resist the bodily movement of the weights and the short circuiting means together, and ball means on the weights to engage the shoulders and temporarily resist the movement of weights and short circuiter means during a period of their motion in either direction, said weights slida'oly contacting the surface of said short circuiting means at separated areas only.

30. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having commutator bars, a diagonally disposed cone shaped guiding means, weights independently mounted thereon adapted to move transversely thereof and longi udinally of the shaft, a shoulder on said guide, and means on said w .Ights engaging said shoulder and adapted to ride thereover, and a contact making means operated by said Weights, said wei hts contacting said short cireuting means adjacent the upper and lower extremities of said short circuiting means.

31. In short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a cone shaped guide from the shaft towards the a mutator bars, a plurality of weights on d uide, a ring between the weights the co .im' gator engaged by said Weights, means on the weights engaging the guide to resist he movement of said wei hts and to suddenly reease the weights, a ring of contact-making fininsulated from but mounted upon said ring, aid '"hts contacting said ring adjacent the upper ans wer extremities of said ring.

32. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a cone sha 38d guide from the shaft towards the commutator bars, a plurality of weigis on said guide, a ring between the weights and the commutator engaged by said weights, means on the weights engaging the guide to resist the movement of said wei hts and to suddenly release the weights, a rim of contact-making fingers insulated from but mounted upon said ring, means for restraining the upward movement of said guide but permitting the free rotatable movement of said guide, weights and ring upon said shaft, said. weights contacting said ring adjaoent the upper and lower extremities of said ring.

33. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a cone-shaped guide from the shaft towards the commutator bars, a plurality of weights on said guide, a ring between the weights and the commutator engaged by said weights, means on the weights engaging the guide to resist the movement of said weights and to suddenly release the weights, whereby said weights may move diagonally of said shaft, and a ring of contact-melting fingers insulated from but mounted upon said ring.

34. In a short circuiter, a shaft, a commutator having bars, a cone-shaped guide from the shaft towards the com'eu ator bars, a plurality of weights on said guide, a ring between the weights and the commutator engaged by weights, means on the weights e gaging the guide to resist the movement of said weights and to suddenly release the weights, \"r reby said weights may more diagonally of st." shaft, a ring of contactmaking fingers insulated from out mounted upon said ring, for res g the upward movem nt of guide but per iitting the free rotatable movement of said guide, weights and ring upon said shaft. 

